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Constitution of Urabba Parks/Overview
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== Separation of Powers == Chapters 1, 2, and 3 of the Constitution confer the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of Urabba Parks on three different bodies which are established by the Constitution – the Parliament (Chapter 1), the Executive Government (Chapter 2), and the Judicature (Chapter 3). Legislative power is the power to make laws. Executive power is the power to administer law and carry out the business of government, through such bodies as government departments, corporate authorities and the Defence Service. Judicial power is the power to conclusively determine legal disputes, traditionally exercised by courts in disciplinary trials and litigation about such things as contracts and accidents. Despite the structure of the Constitution there is no strict demarcation between the legislative and executive powers of Urabba Parks. Only the Parliament can pass Acts, but these Acts often confer on the Executive Government the power to make regulations, rules and by‑laws in relation to matters relevant to the particular Acts. For example, the Parliament may enact in an Act that no person may bring a ‘prohibited item’ into Urabba Parks and then leave it to the Executive to specify in the regulations made under that Act what is a ‘prohibited item’. This delegation of legislative power is not as extreme as it may appear, however, as the Houses of the Parliament usually retain the power to ‘disallow’ (that is, reject), within a specified time, any regulation which has been made by the Executive. The distinction between the Parliament and the Executive Government is further blurred by the fact that the Ministers of Corporation (who form part of the Executive) must be members of a House of the Parliament. This reflects the principle of responsible government (discussed below) under which Corporate Ministers must be members of, and accountable to, the Parliament. By contrast, the separation between the Judicature on the one hand and the Parliament and the Executive Government on the other is strict. Only a court may exercise the judicature of Urabba Parks, so that, for example, the question whether a person has contravened a law of the Parliament (for example, by bringing a ‘prohibited item’ into Urabba Parks) can only be conclusively determined by a court.
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